Regasification FAQ
Answers to common questions about LNG regasification — how it works, equipment types, mobile systems, sizing, and safety.
Frequently Asked Questions About LNG Regasification
Regasification is the critical link between stored LNG and usable natural gas. These questions address common topics for facility engineers, operations managers, and project developers working with LNG vaporization systems.
For a comprehensive introduction, see: What Is LNG Regasification?
What is LNG regasification?
Regasification (also called vaporization) is the process of converting LNG from its liquid state at -260°F back into natural gas by adding heat. The resulting gas can then be used in any natural gas equipment or injected into a distribution pipeline.
What types of LNG vaporizers are available?
The main types are: Ambient Air Vaporizers (AAV) — use atmospheric air as the heat source, requiring no fuel; Water Bath Vaporizers (WBV) — heat LNG in a water bath heated by gas burners; Direct Fired Vaporizers (DFV) — use gas burners to heat LNG directly at high rates; and Intermediate Fluid Vaporizers (IFV) — use a heat transfer fluid. Each type has different capacity, cost, and operating characteristics.
What is the capacity range of typical regasification systems?
Regasification systems are available across a wide range of capacities. Small portable units may handle 100–1,000 gallons per hour. Medium industrial systems handle 1,000–10,000 gallons per hour. Large utility applications may require 50,000+ gallons per hour. System sizing is matched to peak demand at the end-use facility.
Can ambient air vaporizers work in cold climates?
Yes, but with reduced capacity. Because AAVs rely on the temperature differential between ambient air and LNG (-260°F), they work in virtually any climate — even at -40°F, ambient air is still significantly warmer than LNG. However, vaporization rates decrease in cold weather, and systems in cold climates may need to be oversized or supplemented with other vaporizer types during extreme cold events.
What pressure does regasified LNG deliver gas at?
Outlet pressure is controlled by pressure regulation equipment downstream of the vaporizer. Regasification systems can deliver gas at pressures from near atmospheric to hundreds of psig depending on end-use requirements. High-pressure applications (turbines, certain industrial processes) require appropriate regulator stages.
Can regasification equipment be rented or leased?
Yes. Mobile and modular vaporization equipment is available on rental, lease, or purchase terms from LNG equipment providers. Rental arrangements are common for temporary supply applications, construction power plants, and emergency gas supply projects.
How long does it take to set up mobile regasification equipment?
A mobile vaporization skid can typically be commissioned and operational within 1–5 days of delivery at a prepared site — depending on site utility connections, inspection requirements, and local permitting.
What safety systems are required for LNG regasification?
NFPA 59A requires safety systems including: pressure relief devices on storage tanks and vaporizers, emergency shutoff valves, combustible gas detection, flow controls, and signage. Personnel must be trained in cryogenic safety procedures. Fire department review and approval is typically required for new installations.
Can regasification equipment freeze in cold weather?
Ambient air vaporizers can ice up during cold, humid conditions as moisture in the air condenses and freezes on the vaporizer surfaces. This icing reduces heat transfer efficiency and must be managed through equipment cycling, defrost systems, or supplemental heating. Water bath and direct-fired vaporizers are not subject to icing issues.
What is the difference between a vaporizer and a regasification system?
A vaporizer is the core piece of equipment that converts LNG to gas. A complete regasification system includes the vaporizer plus associated components: LNG pumps, pressure control valves, instrumentation, safety systems, and piping to deliver gas at the required pressure and quality to end-use equipment.
Mobile Regasification Systems Available Now
United Energy provides mobile and permanent LNG regasification solutions for industrial, remote, and emergency gas supply applications.